![]() The supplemental carbon can be supplied by a range of different sources: Most drainage water contains some dissolved carbon and more than enough phosphorus. External Carbon Sources 2īiological denitrification requires a proper ratio of carbon-nitrate-phosphorus (C:N:P) to operate successfully. We employ a variety of manual and electronic flow meters to monitor the water and carbon flow. The VFDs are enabled and disabled by float switches or sensors. Industry standard variable frequency drives (VFD) are used to control the pumps. This simplifies connections and maintenance. Fittings are Schedule 40 and 80 PVC with heavy use of cam-lever (camlock) connectors. We use centrifugal pumps to move the water through our system. All of the components we use are often found in standard irrigation systems. We avoid any custom or “high tech” components in our designs. This insures that the bacteria consume the nitrate molecules preferentially and not the oxygen. During operation, the dissolved oxygen levels are very low – near 1 or 2 mg/L. This vertical design also helps to reduce the physical footprint of the system.Inside the bioreactor tanks, we take active and passive measures to reduce the amount of oxygen in the water. This upward flow ensures uniform (called “plug flow”) flow and results in excellent mixing of the water and the biofilm carriers. The treated water then exits via gravity flow from the top of the tank. As the water moves upward, the water mixes with the biofilm carriers where the nitrate molecules come in contact with the biofilm/bacteria. Vertical Designĭrainage or tailwater enters the reactor tanks in the bottom, and moves upward through the tank. Inside the bioreactor tanks, we take active and passive measures to reduce the amount of oxygen in the water. Because of the very large surface area of the biofilm carriers, we can pack a prodigious amount of bacteria into a single tank. The bacteria we use attaches and grows on these carriers. ![]() Our implementation of this well-established technology uses a set of water tanks, usually plastic, filled with small plastic parts called biofilm carriers. Our system is based on an established aerobic treatment system called the moving bed biofilm reactor or (MBBR) invented in the 1990s. It is standard practice to add a small amount of phosphorus to insure we meet the nitrate:phosphorus ratio requirements. Note: Most drainage water contains more than enough phosphorus for denitrification to proceed. ![]()
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